If you’re looking for the 13 best electric bikes with step-through low standover frames in 2026, I’ve found models that combine safety, comfort, and style. They feature wide tires, adjustable seats, and lightweight frames that make riding easier and more secure, especially for seniors or city commuters. Many have removable batteries for convenience, while some are foldable and versatile for varied terrains. Keep exploring, and you’ll find perfect options tailored to your needs.
Key Takeaways
- Top models feature low standover heights (14-17 inches) for easy mounting and enhanced safety, suitable for all riders, including seniors.
- Many bikes have step-through frames made from lightweight materials like aluminum, combining style with practicality.
- The best electric bikes in 2026 emphasize comfort, accessibility, and safety through open, low-profile frame designs.
- Features like adjustable seats and ergonomic grips improve ride comfort and accommodate diverse rider demographics.
- Portable, foldable options with removable batteries enhance convenience and are highly popular in the current market.
| Funhang 1000W Electric Bike with Removable Battery | ![]() | Best Overall | Motor Power: 500W (1000W peak) | Battery Capacity: 48V 374.4Wh | Range: 40-50 miles PAS / 20-30 miles throttle | VIEW LATEST PRICE | See Our Full Breakdown |
| Electric Bike for Adults with Removable Battery | ![]() | Long-Range Leader | Motor Power: 700W (Peak) | Battery Capacity: 36V 10.4Ah (374.4Wh) | Range: Up to 45 miles | VIEW LATEST PRICE | See Our Full Breakdown |
| EUY Electric Bike 1500W 48V 20Ah 70 Miles | ![]() | High Power Performance | Motor Power: 1500W (Peak) | Battery Capacity: 48V 20Ah (960Wh) | Range: Up to 70 miles | VIEW LATEST PRICE | See Our Full Breakdown |
| MOONCOOL Electric Bike for Adults with 700W Power | ![]() | Family Friendly | Motor Power: 700W | Battery Capacity: 36V 10.4Ah (approx. 374Wh) | Range: Up to 40 miles | VIEW LATEST PRICE | See Our Full Breakdown |
| Folding Electric Bike with 1000W Motor and Fat Tires | ![]() | All-Terrain Versatility | Motor Power: 1000W (Peak) | Battery Capacity: 48V 20Ah (960Wh) | Range: 40-80 miles | VIEW LATEST PRICE | See Our Full Breakdown |
| Jasion Roamer/ST Electric Bike 1200W 62mi | ![]() | Compact & Portable | Motor Power: 1200W (Peak) | Battery Capacity: 528Wh (likely 48V 11Ah) | Range: 45-60 miles | VIEW LATEST PRICE | See Our Full Breakdown |
| Funhang 1000W Electric Bike for Adults | ![]() | Budget-Friendly Choice | Motor Power: 1000W (Peak) | Battery Capacity: 48V 374.4Wh | Range: 40-50 miles | VIEW LATEST PRICE | See Our Full Breakdown |
| HOVSCO Family Electric Bike with Child Seat | ![]() | Family & Cargo | Motor Power: 1300W (Peak) | Battery Capacity: 48V 15Ah (720Wh) | Range: Up to 65 miles | VIEW LATEST PRICE | See Our Full Breakdown |
| SASIKEIBIKE 1500W Electric Bike for Adults and Teens | ![]() | Extended Range | Motor Power: 750W (Peak) | Battery Capacity: 48V 20Ah (960Wh) | Range: 40-70 miles | VIEW LATEST PRICE | See Our Full Breakdown |
| INVANTI 1000W Folding Electric Bike with Front Suspension | ![]() | Foldable & Travel-Ready | Motor Power: 1000W (Peak) | Battery Capacity: 48V 10.4Ah (approx. 493.48Wh) | Range: 25-45 miles | VIEW LATEST PRICE | See Our Full Breakdown |
| Funhang 1000W Electric Bike for Adults | ![]() | Versatile Commuter | Motor Power: 1000W (Peak) | Battery Capacity: 48V 374.4Wh | Range: 40-50 miles | VIEW LATEST PRICE | See Our Full Breakdown |
| HiKNiGHT Dual Motor 3000W Electric Fat Tire E-Bike | ![]() | Extreme Power | Motor Power: 3000W (Peak) | Battery Capacity: 52V 20Ah (1040Wh) | Range: Up to 90 miles | VIEW LATEST PRICE | See Our Full Breakdown |
| SASIKEIBIKE 1500W Electric Bike with Removable Battery | ![]() | High-Speed Endurance | Motor Power: 1500W (Peak) | Battery Capacity: 48V 20Ah (960Wh) | Range: 40-70 miles | VIEW LATEST PRICE | See Our Full Breakdown |
More Details on Our Top Picks
Funhang 1000W Electric Bike with Removable Battery
If you’re looking for an electric bike that combines powerful performance with easy mounting, the Funhang 1000W Electric Bike with Removable Battery is an excellent choice. Its 500W (peak 1000W) brushless motor reaches speeds up to 21.7 MPH and delivers 62 N.m of torque, perfect for tackling steep hills and long rides. The 48V 374.4Wh waterproof battery offers a range of 40-50 miles in PAS mode and 20-30 miles throttle-only. With a step-thru frame, adjustable components, and safety features like dual disc brakes, it’s designed for comfort and confidence. Easy to assemble and supported by a one-year warranty, it’s ideal for versatile commuters.
- Motor Power:500W (1000W peak)
- Battery Capacity:48V 374.4Wh
- Range:40-50 miles PAS / 20-30 miles throttle
- Frame Type:Step-thru
- Max Load Capacity:300 lbs
- Safety Certifications:UL 2849, UL 2271 certified
- Additional Feature:Adjustable handlebar stem
- Additional Feature:Full-coverage fenders
- Additional Feature:Five riding modes
Electric Bike for Adults with Removable Battery
The electric bike with a removable battery is an ideal choice for commuters and outdoor enthusiasts who value convenience and versatility. It features a powerful 700W high-speed brushless motor with 55N.M torque, reaching up to 20MPH, perfect for daily rides and adventures. The 36V 10.4Ah detachable battery offers up to 45 miles per charge and charges fully in just 4 hours. Its low-step, curved frame makes mounting easy, while the adjustable seat ensures comfort. With front basket, rear rack, LED lights, and safety features like dual disc brakes, this bike combines practicality, performance, and style for a reliable riding experience.
- Motor Power:700W (Peak)
- Battery Capacity:36V 10.4Ah (374.4Wh)
- Range:Up to 45 miles
- Frame Type:Low-step / Curved
- Max Load Capacity:Not specified
- Safety Certifications:Not specified
- Additional Feature:City cruiser style
- Additional Feature:7-speed gear system
- Additional Feature:Front basket included
EUY Electric Bike 1500W 48V 20Ah 70 Miles
With its powerful 1500W peak brushless motor and impressive 70-mile range, the EUY Electric Bike is an excellent choice for riders seeking long-distance commuting and versatile performance. Its 48V 20Ah waterproof removable lithium-ion battery guarantees reliable power and easy charging. Built with a durable step-thru frame and fat 20-inch tires, it handles various terrains with stability. Features like front suspension, dual disc brakes, and a large LCD display enhance safety and convenience. With multiple riding modes, adjustable seat, and a lightweight design of around 71 pounds, this e-bike offers comfort, efficiency, and reliability for daily use.
- Motor Power:1500W (Peak)
- Battery Capacity:48V 20Ah (960Wh)
- Range:Up to 70 miles
- Frame Type:Step-thru
- Max Load Capacity:300 lbs
- Safety Certifications:12-month warranty, safety implied
- Additional Feature:Large LCD display
- Additional Feature:20-inch fat tires
- Additional Feature:70-mile range
MOONCOOL Electric Bike for Adults with 700W Power
Designed for riders seeking powerful performance and reliable stability, the MOONCOOL Electric Bike for Adults features a robust 700W peak motor that easily handles hills and tough terrains. Its durable 6061 aluminum frame guarantees strength and longevity, perfect for daily commuting or long rides. The removable 36V 10.4Ah battery supports up to 40 miles per charge, making extended trips feasible. With a 36V 350W rear motor, it delivers smooth acceleration and climbing ability, complemented by a 7-speed system. The bike also includes a color LCD display for real-time data and offers three riding modes—Pure Electric, Pedal Assist, and Classic—enhancing versatility and control.
- Motor Power:700W
- Battery Capacity:36V 10.4Ah (approx. 374Wh)
- Range:Up to 40 miles
- Frame Type:Low-step
- Max Load Capacity:330 lbs
- Safety Certifications:UL certified, safety documentation available
- Additional Feature:3 riding modes
- Additional Feature:48V 10.4Ah battery
- Additional Feature:Safety-certified by third-party
Folding Electric Bike with 1000W Motor and Fat Tires
If you’re looking for an electric bike that combines powerful performance with versatility, this folding model with a 1000W motor and fat tires is an excellent choice. It features a robust brushless motor capable of reaching 30 MPH and tackling steep slopes up to 30°. The 20-inch fat tires handle diverse terrains like beaches, snow, and mountains, while the removable 48V 20Ah battery offers up to 80 miles with pedal assist. With front suspension, dual disc brakes, and a foldable design measuring about 40.2 x 17.7 x 31.5 inches, it’s perfect for commuting and outdoor adventures alike.
- Motor Power:1000W (Peak)
- Battery Capacity:48V 20Ah (960Wh)
- Range:40-80 miles
- Frame Type:Foldable
- Max Load Capacity:Not specified
- Safety Certifications:UL certified, safety standards met
- Additional Feature:Foldable design
- Additional Feature:20-inch fat tires
- Additional Feature:USB device charging port
Jasion Roamer/ST Electric Bike 1200W 62mi
The Jasion Roamer/ST Electric Bike stands out as an excellent choice for riders seeking powerful performance combined with safety features. Its 750W (1200W peak) brushless motor delivers speeds up to 28 MPH, suitable for roads, grass, sand, and light trails. The 528Wh removable battery provides a range of 45-60 miles per charge and is IPX-6 waterproof, with a quick-detach design for convenience. Mechanical disc brakes ensure reliable stopping power, while the intuitive LCD display and seven gears enhance control. With a step-thru frame, adjustable seat, and high-quality suspension, this bike offers comfort and safety for long rides and varied terrains.
- Motor Power:1200W (Peak)
- Battery Capacity:528Wh (likely 48V 11Ah)
- Range:45-60 miles
- Frame Type:Step-thru
- Max Load Capacity:Not specified
- Safety Certifications:UL2849, IPX-6 waterproof
- Additional Feature:Front and rear lights
- Additional Feature:Locking battery
- Additional Feature:80% pre-assembled
Funhang 1000W Electric Bike for Adults
With its powerful 1000W peak motor, the Funhang Electric Bike delivers exceptional speed and torque, making it an excellent choice for adults who want reliable performance on steep climbs and long rides. It reaches top speeds of 21.7 MPH and offers up to 62 N·m of torque, ensuring smooth handling over challenging terrain. The 48V, 374.4Wh waterproof battery provides a range of 40-50 miles in PAS mode, with a removable design for convenience. Its step-thru frame, adjustable components, and safety features like dual disc brakes and front suspension make daily commuting and leisure riding comfortable, secure, and accessible.
- Motor Power:1000W (Peak)
- Battery Capacity:48V 374.4Wh
- Range:40-50 miles
- Frame Type:Step-thru
- Max Load Capacity:300 lbs
- Safety Certifications:Safety certifications UL 2271, UL 2849
- Additional Feature:7-speed gear system
- Additional Feature:Dual disc brakes
- Additional Feature:85% pre-assembled
HOVSCO Family Electric Bike with Child Seat
For families seeking a safe, comfortable, and versatile electric bike, the HOVSCO Family Electric Bike with Child Seat stands out. It features a built-in secure child seat with a high rear guardrail, ensuring safety and comfort for kids. The low-step aluminum frame makes mounting easy, ideal for family outings, school runs, and park visits. With a powerful 1300W peak motor, fat tires, and front suspension, it handles diverse terrains smoothly. The long-range 48V 15Ah battery supports up to 65 miles per charge. Plus, hydraulic disc brakes and UL-certified components provide reliable safety, making it perfect for family adventures.
- Motor Power:1300W (Peak)
- Battery Capacity:48V 15Ah (720Wh)
- Range:Up to 65 miles
- Frame Type:Step-thru
- Max Load Capacity:450 lbs
- Safety Certifications:UL 2849 certified
- Additional Feature:Built-in child seat
- Additional Feature:48V 15Ah battery
- Additional Feature:450-pound load capacity
SASIKEIBIKE 1500W Electric Bike for Adults and Teens
If you’re seeking a powerful electric bike that easily handles daily commuting and adventurous rides, the SASIKEIBIKE 1500W stands out for its impressive motor performance. It features a high-speed brushless motor with 750W continuous power and 1500W peak output, reaching speeds over 30 MPH and delivering 82 N·m of torque. The 48V 20Ah battery provides a range of 40-70 miles, perfect for long rides. Its step-through frame makes mounting effortless, while adjustable handlebars and a sturdy rear rack add comfort and utility. With front suspension and dual disc brakes, this bike ensures a smooth, safe ride on diverse terrains.
- Motor Power:750W (Peak)
- Battery Capacity:48V 20Ah (960Wh)
- Range:40-70 miles
- Frame Type:Step-thru
- Max Load Capacity:Not specified
- Safety Certifications:UL 2849 certified
- Additional Feature:3.5-inch color LCD
- Additional Feature:26-inch fat tires
- Additional Feature:90% pre-assembled
INVANTI 1000W Folding Electric Bike with Front Suspension
The INVANTI 1000W Folding Electric Bike with Front Suspension stands out as an excellent option for riders seeking a powerful, portable e-bike that handles a variety of terrains with ease. Its durable high-carbon steel frame supports up to 330 lbs and folds into a compact size, making it easy to carry and store. The bike features a 48V 10.4Ah removable battery, providing up to 25 miles of pure electric range and 45 miles with pedal assist. With a 500W (peak 1000W) motor, it reaches speeds of 20-25 MPH and conquers 15% inclines effortlessly. Plus, front suspension and fat tires ensure a smooth, stable ride across different surfaces.
- Motor Power:1000W (Peak)
- Battery Capacity:48V 10.4Ah (approx. 493.48Wh)
- Range:25-45 miles
- Frame Type:Foldable
- Max Load Capacity:330 lbs
- Safety Certifications:12-month warranty, safety compliance
- Additional Feature:Foldable and portable
- Additional Feature:24/7 customer service
- Additional Feature:12-month warranty
Funhang 1000W Electric Bike for Adults
The Funhang 1000W Electric Bike for Adults stands out with its powerful 1000W peak motor, delivering quick acceleration and the ability to handle steep inclines effortlessly. With a top speed of 21.7 mph and 62 N.m of torque, it offers smooth performance on various terrains. The removable 48V battery provides a range of 40-50 miles in PAS mode, making it ideal for long rides. Its step-through frame guarantees easy mounting, while adjustable components cater to different riders. Dual disc brakes, front suspension, and safety features guarantee reliable stopping and comfort. Overall, this bike combines power, convenience, and ergonomic design for versatile riding.
- Motor Power:1000W (Peak)
- Battery Capacity:48V 374.4Wh
- Range:40-50 miles
- Frame Type:Step-thru
- Max Load Capacity:300 lbs
- Safety Certifications:UL 2271, UL 2849 certified
- Additional Feature:Five riding modes
- Additional Feature:26-inch aluminum wheels
- Additional Feature:Safety-certified by SGS
HiKNiGHT Dual Motor 3000W Electric Fat Tire E-Bike
Designed for thrill seekers and serious commuters alike, the HiKNiGHT Dual Motor 3000W Electric Fat Tire E-Bike packs immense power with dual 1000W motors that deliver a peak of 3000W and handle steep inclines up to 35°. It reaches speeds of up to 38 mph and features a large 52V 20Ah removable battery, offering up to 90 miles with pedal assist. The three drive modes—including all-electric, pedal assist, and normal bike—provide versatility across terrains. Its 26-inch fat tires guarantee stability, skid resistance, and off-road capability. A 3.5-inch color LCD displays real-time ride data, making this bike perfect for adventure and daily commuting.
- Motor Power:3000W (Peak)
- Battery Capacity:52V 20Ah (1040Wh)
- Range:Up to 90 miles
- Frame Type:Step-thru
- Max Load Capacity:Not specified
- Safety Certifications:UL 2849, safety standards met
- Additional Feature:26-inch fat tires
- Additional Feature:3 drive modes
- Additional Feature:90-mile range
SASIKEIBIKE 1500W Electric Bike with Removable Battery
If you’re looking for a powerful electric bike that combines speed, range, and ease of use, the SASIKEIBIKE 1500W with a removable battery stands out. Its high-speed brushless motor offers 750W continuous power and peaks at 1500W, reaching over 30 MPH with impressive torque of 82 N·m. The 48V 20Ah removable battery provides up to 70 miles of range on pedal assist and charges fully in 6-8 hours. Designed with a step-through frame for easy mounting, adjustable components, and safety features like front suspension and dual disc brakes, this bike is perfect for daily commutes and adventures.
- Motor Power:1500W (Peak)
- Battery Capacity:48V 20Ah (960Wh)
- Range:40-70 miles
- Frame Type:Step-thru
- Max Load Capacity:Not specified
- Safety Certifications:Not specified
- Additional Feature:7-speed derailleur
- Additional Feature:Sturdy rear frame
- Additional Feature:24-hour customer support
Factors to Consider When Choosing Electric Bikes With Step Through Low Standover

When selecting a step-through electric bike, I focus on frame design benefits that promote easier mounting and rider comfort. Safety and stability are also key, along with considering how lightweight and portable the bike is for my needs. These factors help me find a bike that’s comfortable, secure, and convenient to ride.
Frame Design Benefits
Choosing an electric bike with a step-through low standover frame offers numerous advantages that can enhance your riding experience. The lower top tube makes mounting and dismounting effortless, which is especially helpful if you have limited mobility or flexibility. The open design provides quick and easy access, reducing the risk of injury during stops or emergencies. These frames also improve safety because you can quickly put your feet flat on the ground, boosting stability and confidence. Additionally, the lighter weight typical of step-through frames makes handling and carrying the bike easier, perfect for urban commutes. This design accommodates a broader range of rider body types and is ideal for seniors, those with joint issues, or anyone seeking a more relaxed, accessible ride.
Ease of Mounting
Ease of mounting is a crucial factor to contemplate because it directly impacts your comfort and confidence on the bike. Step-through electric bikes are designed with a lower top tube or an open frame, making it much easier to get on and off, especially for those with limited mobility or flexibility. The reduced standover height, typically between 14 and 17 inches, allows you to straddle the bike without lifting your legs high. This feature is particularly beneficial for seniors, people recovering from injuries, or anyone who prefers a less strenuous mounting process. The open frame design also facilitates quick mounting and dismounting, which is especially useful during city commutes with frequent stops. Overall, this makes riding safer, more accessible, and more enjoyable.
Rider Comfort Features
Rider comfort features are essential to guarantee a pleasant and fatigue-free riding experience on step-through electric bikes. Adjustable seats and handlebars let me customize my position for ideal comfort, whether I’m tall or short. Full-coverage fenders keep me dry and clean in wet or muddy conditions, making rides more enjoyable. The step-through frame design makes mounting and dismounting effortless, reducing strain and increasing accessibility. Suspension systems, like front forks and seat suspensions, absorb shocks from uneven terrain, ensuring a smoother ride. Ergonomic grips and controls help reduce hand fatigue, especially during longer trips. When choosing a bike, I look for these features to enhance comfort, making my rides more enjoyable and less tiring, regardless of terrain or distance.
Safety and Stability
When selecting a step-through electric bike, prioritizing safety and stability is essential for a confident riding experience. The low standover height reduces fall risk by making it easier to dismount quickly in emergencies. Plus, step-through frames lower the bike’s center of gravity, boosting overall stability during rides. This design offers more security, especially for riders with limited mobility or balance concerns. To enhance grip and prevent slipping, many models feature wide tires and quality suspension systems. Safety features like dual disc brakes ensure reliable stopping power, while responsive suspensions improve ride control on different terrains. Together, these elements create a safer, more stable riding experience, giving you peace of mind whether commuting or leisurely riding.
Weight and Portability
Choosing a step-through electric bike also means considering how easy it is to handle and carry. Lighter bikes, typically weighing between 40 to 70 pounds, are much easier to manage, especially if you need to lift or transport them frequently. Removable batteries play a big role in reducing weight, making it simpler to carry the bike separately for charging or storage. Foldable and compact designs are perfect for fitting into small spaces, cars, or public transportation, boosting your mobility options. Frames made from lightweight materials like aluminum or carbon steel help maintain durability without adding extra pounds. Ultimately, a lower overall weight makes mounting, dismounting, and carrying the bike more manageable, which is especially important for riders with limited strength or mobility.
Battery Accessibility
A key factor in selecting a step-through electric bike is how easily you can access and handle the battery. I look for bikes with removable batteries that don’t require tools—this makes charging and swapping simple, especially if I need to do it frequently. The battery compartment should be in an accessible spot, like the side or top, so I can reach it without hassle. I also check if the latch or cover is straightforward to open, which is important if I have limited strength or dexterity. Clear labels or indicators showing the battery location and removal steps are helpful, too. Overall, a well-designed battery access point saves time and effort, making maintenance and charging hassle-free.
Terrain Compatibility
Selecting an electric bike with a step-through low standover height means considering the terrain you’ll ride on most often. If you mainly commute on paved city streets, a bike with smooth tires and minimal suspension works well. However, if you plan to venture onto off-road trails or mountain paths, look for fat tires and a sturdy suspension system to handle rough terrain comfortably. Ground clearance and frame design are also important for traversing uneven surfaces safely. Features like front shocks or shock absorbers can reduce bumps and improve ride comfort on rugged terrain. Additionally, check the motor’s power and torque to ensure it can handle inclines, gravel, or sand without strain. Matching these factors to your riding environment will give you a smoother, safer experience.
Style and Aesthetics
When it comes to electric bikes with a step-through low standover height, style and aesthetics play a key role in making a bike feel like a natural extension of your personal look. These bikes often feature sleek, streamlined frames with minimalist designs that appeal to modern tastes. Smooth lines and integrated components give them a clean, uncluttered appearance, which many riders find attractive. The low frame profile opens up a variety of color options and finishes, allowing you to match your bike to your style—whether urban, vintage, or casual. Plus, their design emphasizes comfort and ease of access, making them look less bulky and more stylish. Ultimately, the aesthetic focus makes these bikes not just functional but also a fashionable statement.
Frequently Asked Questions
What Is the Typical Weight Capacity for Low Standover Electric Bikes?
The typical weight capacity for low standover electric bikes usually ranges between 250 to 300 pounds. I find this range ideal for most riders, providing stability and safety. When choosing a bike, I recommend checking the manufacturer’s specifications, especially if you or a loved one has a higher weight. It’s always better to select a model that comfortably supports your weight, ensuring a smooth and secure riding experience.
How Do Battery Life and Charging Times Vary Among These Models?
Battery life on these bikes varies depending on the model and usage, typically ranging from 20 to 60 miles per charge. Charging times also differ, with most taking about 3 to 6 hours to fully recharge. I recommend checking each bike’s specifications because factors like terrain, rider weight, and assist level can impact battery performance. Choosing a model with a longer range and quicker charge can really enhance your riding experience.
Are Step-Through Bikes Suitable for Off-Road or Rugged Terrain?
Yes, I believe step-through bikes can handle off-road or rugged terrain, but with some limitations. They’re designed mainly for comfort and easy mounting, so I recommend models with sturdy frames, wider tires, and good suspension. I personally choose them for light trail riding or mixed terrain, but for serious off-road adventures, a more traditional mountain bike might be better. Always consider the bike’s specs before tackling tough terrain!
What Safety Features Are Most Common in Low Standover Electric Bikes?
Oh, safety features? Well, they’re practically superheroes on wheels! Most low standover electric bikes come with disc brakes for quick stops, bright LED lights to keep you visible, and sturdy reflectors for those twilight rides. Some even add built-in bells or horns—because who doesn’t want to announce their arrival? These features make sure you’re protected without sacrificing style, turning your ride into a safe, smooth adventure.
How Does the Frame Material Impact Bike Durability and Weight?
The frame material profoundly impacts both durability and weight. I find aluminum frames are lightweight yet sturdy, making them easy to handle and resistant to rust. Steel frames, on the other hand, are heavier but offer exceptional strength and durability, perfect for rough terrains. Carbon fiber frames are the lightest and most rigid, but tend to be pricier. Choosing the right material depends on your riding style and priorities.
Conclusion
Choosing the right electric bike with a step-through low standover is like finding a trusted friend who makes every ride smooth and enjoyable. Whether you prefer the power of a 3000W dual motor or the convenience of a removable battery, there’s a perfect match for you. Remember, the right bike can turn daily commutes into fun adventures, just like a trusty companion making every journey easier and more exciting.












